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Sir Walter Scott was no good at writing novels set outside Scotland, so they say. Nevertheless, there was so much pleasure to be had from Woodstock, or The Cavalier: A Tale of the Year Sixteen Hundred and Fifty-One (1826), which could be described as desperate hack work, incoherent absurdity, or an early Carry On Cavaliers, that it lives in the memory more vividly than the other. Not that Rohinton Mistry’s Family Matters (Faber, £7.99) was less memorable in its own way, since it aims a notch higher and engages sympathy with the characters, rather than prompting the question: What on earth is Sir Walter up to? Clouds of Glory: A Hoxton Childhood (Cape, £17.99) is admirable, despite its being a work of total recall and therefore not uniformly arresting. It is a must for every Londoner, and for all interested in 20th-century social history or in the author, Bryan Magee.
Douglas Johnson
I have always been fascinated by James VI and I, so it was with enormous pleasure that I read Alan Stewart’s The Cradle King (Chatto, £20), particularly enjoying the author’s extensive use of James’s writings, speeches and conversations. James was the most interesting of monarchs and it is surely right that it is his personality and character that place him at the centre of the preoccupations of historians.
Amongst the many books that I’ve read on French history this year, there are two that I often find myself thinking about. Nicholas Atkin’s The Forgotten French (Manchester University Press, £45) is about French exiles on British soil during the years 1940 to 1944. These were not the Gaullist French, the Free French, but those who were refugees from the war in Norway and from the beaches of Dunkirk, those who had been sent to London as diplomatic officials, and those who were in the French community living in England. Using an amazing amount of archival material, the author finds out how these different people reacted to the British government, to the Pétain government in France, and to the war as it progressed. This valuable study tells us a great deal about the British and the French during these years.
When one thinks about an ideal subject for a biography many names come to mind. But as soon as Talleyrand is mentioned there can only be agreement: a long life (1754-1838) lived to the full by a man who was an adventurer, a diplomat, a politician and a wit. A new biography, Talleyrand: Le Prince Immobile by Emman- uel de Warsquiel (Fayard, Euros 30), covers all aspects of this life and the history surrounding it and its 800 pages are a sheer delight to read.
Jane Gardam
My book of the year, for pure pleasure, is The Meaning of Everything by Simon Winchester (OUP, £12.99), an exuberant, serious, funny, short, full, entrancingly readable account of the 70 years of the making of the Oxford English Dictionary. Wonderful cast of lexicographers, from Lord Jowett of Balliol to Dr Minor who worked from home in his murderer’s cell in Broadmooor. The chapter on the development of the English language I wish I’d read during three years’ slog at the University.
John Clare by Jonathan Bate (Picador, £25) is a dedicated biography of a doomed, earthbound angel poet, not rustic genius-lunatic. Massive. A Thing in Disguise: The Visionary Life of Joseph Paxton, by Kate Colquhoun (Fourth Estate, £18.99) is a fine first book and splendid subject. Paxton was head gardener at Chatsworth at 23, creature of ‘earth, air and fire’ — and glass (he designed the Crystal Palace on a scrap of paper.)
A lovely journey-book is England’s Thousand Best Houses by Simon Jenkins (Allen Lane, £30). Less lyrical than his Thousand Best Churches, it is even more detailed, with delicious photographs.
A surprise was The Diaries of A. L. Rowse edited by Richard Ollard (Penguin, £25) because I thought I didn’t care about Rowse, and the jacket portrait (which Rowse hung above his bed) looked all I feared: conceited, snobbish old tabby-cat. But the brilliant selections by the editor reveal a touchingly open, often lonely and ill, deeply loving (and hating) man, drudging diligently on a lifetime of historical pilgrimage.
The best novel of the year seems to me to be Heligoland by Shena Mackay (Cape, £15.99) abou t a South London Utopia full of odd drifters. As ever, she creates her own world and yet we recognise it.
P. J. Kavanagh
Two books you feel the author had to write (which makes a change). Robert Macfar- lane’s Mountains of the Mind (Granta, £20), which is also the history of a passion: climbing mountains, looking at them, thinking about them. The climbs sound horrific, his visual descriptions stay in the mind, and his thoughts (he is a young academic) are well ordered and so wide-ranging that on his way (his climb) towards a history of the Sublime he touches on swathes of cultural history.
There is a similar imperative and historical sweep in Jonathan Bate’s biography of the poet John Clare (Picador, £25). Bate clearly loves him, knows all there is to know about him, which is plenty, and describes incidentally a rural England at the beginning of the 19th century barely emerged from feudalism. There is excitement in sensing that an author has found a subject precisely at the centre of his own profoundest interests. You feel he can’t go wrong with this one, and he doesn’t.
Raymond Carr
I have always been fascinated by the capacity of human beings to endure and triumph over intolerable hardship and privations. The supreme example is Ernest Shackle- ton’s voyage to South Georgia. The Last Escape by John Nicol and Tony Rennell (Viking/ Penguin Books, £20) concerns not explorers who volunteer to confront extreme conditions but the thousands of Allied soldiers, airmen and sailors caught up in 1944 in the prisoner-of-war camps in Germany. With D-Day and the Soviet advance, they hoped for liberation. Instead, they were forced, in a terrible winter, to the West. They had to face starvation, frostbite, gangrene and above all the demoralisation of exhaustion. The authors’ scrupulously researched account of these heroes is deeply moving.
Margaret Macmillan’s Paris 1919: Six Months that Changed the World published last year and now available in paperback as Peacemakers (John Murray, £9.99) is a suberb piece of political and diplomatic history written by Lloyd George’s grand-daughter.
I cannot say that I enjoyed Caryl Phillips’ A Distant Shore (Secker, £15.99). It’s a deeply depressing but perceptive novel in which racism dooms the relationship of a black immigrant and a retired schoolmistress.
Alan Judd
When Hitler’s last secretary, 27-year-old Traudl Junge, was released after the war she wrote an account of her years working, eating and living with the F
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